BAPI

 BAPI interview preparation


Interface(BAPI) are standardized programming interfaces (methods) enabling external applications to access business processes and data in the R/3 System.


They provide stable and standardized methods to achieve seamless integration between the R/3 System and external applications, legacy systems and add-ons.


BAPIs are defined in the  BOR(Business object repository) as methods of SAP business object types that carry out specific business functions.They  are implemented as RFC-enabled function modules and are created in the Function Builder of the ABAP Workbench.


List of Standardized BAPIs:

  • BAPIs for Reading Data - GetList() , GetDetail() , GetStatus() , ExistenceCheck()
  • BAPIs for Creating or Changing Data- Create() ,Change(),Delete() and Undelete() ,
  • BAPIs for Mass Processing -ChangeMultiple(), CreateMultiple(), DeleteMultiple().


How to create a BAPI

Step 1.Go to transaction swo1 (Tools->Business Framework -> BAPI Development ->Business Object builder ) .Select the business object, according to the functional requirement for which the BAPI is being created.

SAP BAPI Tutorial - Step by Step Guide to Create BAPI in ABAP


Step2.Open the business object in change mode. Then Select Utilities ->API Methods ->Add method.Then enter the name of the function module and select Continue.

SAP BAPI Tutorial - Step by Step Guide to Create BAPI in ABAP


Step 3.In the next dialog box, following information needs to be specified :

  • Method : Suggest an appropriate name for the method,
  • Texts : Enter description for the BAPI,
  • Radio buttons : Dialog, Synchronous, Instance-independent . BAPI 's are usually implemented synchronously.

SAP BAPI Tutorial - Step by Step Guide to Create BAPI in ABAP



Step4.To create the method select Yes in the next dialog box.

SAP BAPI Tutorial - Step by Step Guide to Create BAPI in ABAP



Step5.After the program has been generated and executed, check the program in the method just created.Thus , a BAPI is created.

SAP BAPI Tutorial - Step by Step Guide to Create BAPI in ABAP


Testing the BAPI

You can test the BAPI by Testing the individual method of the Business Object in the Business Object Builder. ( or one can use the transaction 'SWUD' to test the method ) .

Releasing and freezing the BAPI

  • To release the BAPI , first release the function module ( using transaction se37 ) .
  • Set the status of the method to 'released' in the Business Object Builder ( using transaction SWo1 - Edit-> change status-> released. )

You can also use the BAPI Explorer (Transaction code BAPI) for 360' view on BAPI







Q1. What is BAPI in SAP

Ans: BAPI is a Business Application Programming which provides access to processes and data in business application systems such as R/3. BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP business object types. Business object types and their BAPIs are described and stored in the Business Object Repository (BOR). A BAPI is implemented as a function module, that is stored and described in the Function Builder.

Or

BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP Business Object Types. These object types are used within the Business Framework to enable object-based communication between components. Business objects and their BAPIs enable object orientation to be used in central information processing in companies.

Q2. Explain the steps to create a BAPI?

Ans:

  • 1.Creating a structure in SE11
  • 2.Creating the function module in SE37
  • 3.Creating the business object in SWO1
  • 4.Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer
  • 5.Test the BAPI.(BAPI tcode)

Q3. What are the uses of BAPI?

Ans: Using BAPI,we can connect :
  • New R/3 components.
  • Non-SAP software.
  • Legacy systems.
  • Isolating components within the R/3 System .
  • Connecting R/3 Systems to the Internet.
  • PC programs.
  • Workflow applications.

Q4. What is the difference between BAPI and RFC?

Ans:

BAPI:

BAPI is a RFC enabled function module and we create business objects and registered in the BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using other applications (Non-SAP)  Languages such as VB or JAVA. That time we only define the business object and its methods from external system.

RFC:

Communication between applications of different systems in the SAP environment including connections between SAP systems as well as between SAP systems and non-SAP systems. Remote Function Call (RFC) is the standard SAP interface for communication between SAP systems. The RFC calls a function to be executed in a remote system.

Q5. What are the types of RFCs

Ans:

  • Synchronous RFC
  • Transactional RFC (tRFC)
  • Queued RFC (qRFC)

Q6.What are RFC interfaces?

Ans: A calling interface for ABAP Programs

A calling interface for Non-SAP programs.

Q7. How do you call the RFC FM in the ABAP program?

Ans: CALL FUNCTION...DESTINATION statement. The DESTINATION parameter tells the SAP System that the called function runs in a system other than the callers.

Q8. What are the functions of RFC?

Ans:

  • Converting all parameter data to the representation needed in the remote system
  • Calling the communication routines needed to talk to the remote system.
  • Handling communications errors, and notifying the caller, if desired ( using EXCEPTIONS parameter of the CALL FUNCTION).
  • Convert the data into the format understandable by the remote (target) system.
  • Call up certain routines which are necessary to start communication with the remote system.
  • Handle errors that might occur in the process of communication.
  • RFC  can handle errors itself.
  • every BAPI is a RFc whereas every RFC is not a BAPI.
  • RFC's are not registered in the BOR.

Q9. What are the main characteristics of BAPI?

Ans:

  • Support of synchronous and asynchronous communication.
  • Support of machine-to-machine and human-to-machine communication.
  • Communication support for components that are narrowly linked and coupled through the Internet.

Q10. What is the Business Objects type in SAP?

Ans: A business object type is the representation of a business object, like an human work force or a Invoice, in an SAP System. It encompasses both the functions and the data into single object.

Q11. What are the advantages of Business Objects type in SAP?

Ans: We can reduce the complexity of Systems structure by dividing the complex structures into smaller units.

Q12. What is the Business Object Repository?

Ans: The Business Object Repository (BOR) is root access point for the SAP business object types and their BAPIs. The BOR was developed for SAP Business Workflow.

Q13. What are the uses of Business Object Repository?

Ans:

  • Allows an object-oriented view of all data and processes in an SAP System.
  • Arranging the various business object types according to the component hierarchy.
  • It ensures BAPI interface stability.
  • It manages BAPIs in release updates.
  • It creates instances of SAP business objects.

Q14. What is the Returning parameter in BAPI?

Ans:The return parameter RETURN contains success or error messages for the BAPI, and depending on the SAP R/3 Release has the dictionary structure BAPIRETURN, BAPIRETURN1, BAPIRET1, BAPIRET2.







  1. Question 1. What Is Bapi In Sap?

    Answer :

    BAPI is a Business Application Programming which provides access to processes and data in business application systems such as R/3. BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP business object types. Business object types and their BAPIs are described and stored in the Business Object Repository (BOR). A BAPI is implemented as a function module, that is stored and described in the Function Builder.

  2. Question 2. Explain The Steps To Create A Bapi?

    Answer :

    1. Creating a structure in SE11
    2. Creating the function module in SE37
    3. Creating the business object in SWO1
    4. Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer
    5. Test the BAPI.(BAPI tcode)

  3. Question 3. What Are The Uses Of Bapi?

    Answer :

    Using BAPI,we can connect :

    • New R/3 components.
    • Non-SAP software.
    • Legacy systems.
    • Isolating components within the R/3 System .
    • Connecting R/3 Systems to the Internet.
    • PC programs.
    • Workflow applications.

  4. Question 4. What Is The Difference Between Bapi And Rfc?

    Answer :

    BAPI:

    BAPI is a RFC enabled function module and we create business objects and registered in the BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using other applications (Non-SAP)  Languages such as VB or JAVA. That time we only define the business object and its methods from external system.

    RFC:

    Communication between applications of different systems in the SAP environment including connections between SAP systems as well as between SAP systems and non-SAP systems. Remote Function Call (RFC) is the standard SAP interface for communication between SAP systems. The RFC calls a function to be executed in a remote system.

  5. Question 5. What Are The Types Of Rfcs?

    Answer :

    • Synchronous RFC
    • Transactional RFC (tRFC)
    • Queued RFC (qRFC)

  6. Question 6. What Are Rfc Interfaces?

    Answer :

    • A calling interface for ABAP Programs
    • A calling interface for Non-SAP programs.

  7. Question 7. How Do You Call The Rfc Fm In The Abap Program?

    Answer :

    CALL FUNCTION...DESTINATION statement. The DESTINATION parameter tells the SAP System that the called function runs in a system other than the callers.

    8.  

  8. Question 8. What Are The Functions Of Rfc?

    Answer :

    • Converting all parameter data to the representation needed in the remote system
    • Calling the communication routines needed to talk to the remote system.
    • Handling communications errors, and notifying the caller, if desired ( using EXCEPTIONS parameter of the CALL FUNCTION).
    • Convert the data into the format understandable by the remote (target) system.
    • Call up certain routines which are necessary to start communication with the remote system.
    • Handle errors that might occur in the process of communication.
    • RFC  can handle errors itself.
    • every BAPI is a RFc whereas every RFC is not a BAPI.
    • RFC's are not registered in the BOR.

  9. Question 9. What Are The Main Characteristics Of Bapi?

    Answer :

    • Support of synchronous and asynchronous communication.
    • Support of machine-to-machine and human-to-machine communication.
    • Communication support for components that are narrowly linked and coupled through the Internet.

  10. Question 10. What Is The Business Objects Type In Sap?

    Answer :

    A business object type is the representation of a business object, like an human work force or a Invoice, in an SAP System. It encompasses both the functions and the data into single object.

  11. Question 11. What Are The Advantages Of Business Objects Type In Sap?

    Answer :

    We can reduce the complexity of Systems structure by dividing the complex structures into smaller units.

  12. Question 12. What Is The Business Object Repository?

    Answer :

    The Business Object Repository (BOR) is root access point for the SAP business object types and their BAPIs. The BOR was developed for SAP Business Workflow.

  13. Question 13. What Are The Uses Of Business Object Repository?

    Answer :

    • Allows an object-oriented view of all data and processes in an SAP System.
    • Arranging the various business object types according to the component hierarchy.
    • It ensures BAPI interface stability.
    • It manages BAPIs in release updates.
    • It creates instances of SAP business objects.

  14. Question 14. What Is The Returning Parameter In Bapi?

    Answer :

    The return parameter RETURN contains success or error messages for the BAPI, and depending on the SAP R/3 Release has the dictionary structure BAPIRETURN, BAPIRETURN1, BAPIRET1, BAPIRET2.

  15. Question 15. What Are The Basic Components Of Sap R/3 Business Framework ?

    Answer :

    • Business Components:SAP Business Components provide autonomous business functions and consist of business objects. For example, the business objects Employee and Applicant are assigned to the Business Component Human Resources. Business processes are either implemented within a Business Component or across several Components (distributed business processes).
    • Business Objects:The object-oriented structure of the R/3 System is based on Business Objects. They encapsulate business data and functionality and define the functional scope and boundaries of a Business Component.
    • Business Application Programming Interfaces (BAPI):BAPIs are interfaces for Business Objects. Together with the Business Objects, BAPIs define and document the interface standard at the business level.
    • Integration Service, Application Link Enabling (ALE):The ALE Integration Service enables the integration of business processes that are carried out in different R/3 and non-SAP systems. This service is based on the system-wide distribution of Business Objects using the ALE distribution model.
    • Communication Services:These are the communication technologies, for example, Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) and Remote Function Call (RFC) that use the Business Framework to access BAPIs.

  16. Question 16. What Is Sap Business Objects ?

    Answer :

    • A business object type, which represents of a business entity in the SAP R/3 System, encompasses both the functionality (in the form of methods) and the data (in the form of attributes) of this entity. The implementation details of the business object type are hidden from the user. The business object type is accessed through defined functions (methods). This is referred to as encapsulation.
    • Business object types form the point of entry to the data and the functionality of the SAP R/3 System. At the business object type level, both non-SAP systems and the various SAP business components can communicate with each other.
    • The business object type Sales Order represents a customer’s request to the company to supply a particular quantity of material at a certain point in time or to perform services at a certain point in time. A specific sales order is identified by a sales document number. The business object type contains all the necessary information for a sales order: sold-to party, sales organization, document date, net value of the order, and currency of the sales and distribution document.

  17. Question 17. What Is Bapi ?

    Answer :

    BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP Business Object Types. These object types are used within the Business Framework to enable object-based communication between components. Business objects and their BAPIs enable object orientation to be used in central information processing in companies.

  18. Question 18. What Need To Be Taken Care While Handling Database Transaction In Bapi ?

    Answer :

    • A transaction is completed either using a COMMIT WORK command or a ROLLBACK command. A BAPI transaction must be ended by calling the BAPIs BapiService.TransactionCommit() or BapiService.TransactionRollback().
    • The call of a BAPI must not trigger further LUWs that are independent of the BAPI.

    For this reason BAPIs must not contain the following commands:

    • CALL TRANSACTION
    • SUBMIT REPORT
    • SUBMIT REPORT AND RETURN

  19. Question 19. What Is Bor (business Object Repository) ?

    Answer :

    • The Business Object Repository (BOR) is the central access point for the SAP business object types and their BAPIs. The BOR contains all the relevant information on the SAP business object types, their key fields, and their BAPI methods that are needed to integrate the correct object type definitions and BAPI calls in an application program. This makes the integration of middleware (such as the DCOM Connector, ActiveX Controls, CORBA Gateway, and so on) possible.
    • Creates instances of SAP business objects. The runtime environment of the BOR receives requests to create runtime objects from client applications and creates the appropriate object instances.

  20. Question 20. What Is The Difference Between Rfc And Bapi?

    Answer :

    BAPI :

    • BAPI is a library of function modules released by SAP to the public so that they can interface with SAP.
    • There is a Business Object Associated with a BAPI. So a BAPI has an Interface, Key Field, Attributes, Methods, and Events.
    • Outside world (JAVA, VB, .Net or any Non SAP system) can connect to SAP using a BAPI.
    • Error or Success messages are returned in a RETURN table.

    RFC:

    • RFC is nothing but a remote enabled function module. So if there is a Function Module in SAP system 1 on server X , it can be called from a SAP system 2 residing on server Y.
    • No Business Object is associated with a RFC.
    • Non–SAP world cannot connect to SAP using RFC.
    • RFC does not have a return table.

  21. Question 21. What Is The Difference Between Bdc And Bapi?

    Answer :

    BAPI:

    • BAPI is faster than BDC.
    • BAPI directly updates database.
    • BAPI would generally used for small data uploads.
    • For processing errors, the Return Parameters for BAPI should be used.This parameter returns exception messages or success messages to the calling program.

    BDC:

    • BDC goes through all the screens as a normal user would do and hence it is slower.
    • Background and Foreground processing options are available for BDC.
    • BDCs would be preferred for large volumes of data upload since background processing option is available.
    • Errors can be processed in SM35 for session method and in the batch input program for Call Transaction method.

  22. Question 22. What Are The Steps For Creating A Bapi ?

    Answer :

    Stage1: Creating a structure in SE11

    Stage2: Creating the function module in SE37

    Stage 3: Creating the business object in SWO1

    Stage 4: Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer




What is BAPI in SAP?


BAPI is a Business Application Programming that provides access to processes and data in business application systems such as R/3. BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP business object types. Business object types and their BAPIs are described and stored in the Business Object Repository (BOR). A BAPI is implemented as a function module, that is stored and described in the Function Builder.


Explain the steps to create a BAPI?


1.Creating a structure in SE11
2.Creating the function module in SE37
3.Creating the business object in SWO1
4.Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer
5.Test the BAPI.(BAPI tcode)

What are the uses of BAPI?


Using BAPI, we can connect :
New R/3 components.
Non-SAP software.
Legacy systems.
Isolating components within the R/3 System.
Connecting R/3 Systems to the Internet.
PC programs. 
Workflow applications.

What is the difference between BAPI and RFC?


BAPI:
BAPI is a RFC enabled function module and we create business objects and registered in the BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using other applications (Non-SAP)  Languages such as VB or JAVA. That time we only define the business object and its methods from an external system.

RFC:

Communication between applications of different systems in the SAP environment including connections between SAP systems as well as between SAP systems and non-SAP systems. Remote Function Call (RFC) is the standard SAP interface for communication between SAP systems. The RFC calls a function to be executed in a remote system.


What are the types of RFCs


Synchronous RFC
Transactional RFC (tRFC)
Queued RFC (qRFC)


What are RFC interfaces?


A calling interface for ABAP Programs
A calling interface for Non-SAP programs.

How do you call the RFC FM in the ABAP program?


CALL FUNCTION...DESTINATION statement. The DESTINATION parameter tells the SAP System that the called function runs in a system other than the callers.

What are the functions of RFC?

Converting all parameter data to the representation needed in the remote system
Calling the communication routines needed to talk to the remote system.
Handling communications errors, and notifying the caller, if desired ( using EXCEPTIONS parameter of the CALL FUNCTION).

Convert the data into the format understandable by the remote (target) system.


Call up certain routines that are necessary to start communication with the remote system.
Handle errors that might occur in the process of communication. 

RFC  can handle errors itself.
every BAPI is a RFc whereas every RFC is not a BAPI.

RFC's are not registered in the BOR.

What are the main characteristics of BAPI?


Support of synchronous and asynchronous communication.
Support of machine-to-machine and human-to-machine communication.
Communication support for components that are narrowly linked and coupled through the Internet.


What is the Business Objects type in SAP?


A business object type is the representation of a business object, like a human workforce or an Invoice, in an SAP System. It encompasses both the functions and the data into a single object.

What are the advantages of Business Objects type in SAP?


We can reduce the complexity of Systems structure by dividing the complex structures into smaller units.

What is the Business Object Repository?

The Business Object Repository (BOR) is the root access point for the SAP business object types and their BAPIs. The BOR was developed for SAP Business Workflow.

What are the uses of the Business Object Repository?

Allows an object-oriented view of all data and processes in an SAP System.

Arranging the various business object types according to the component hierarchy.

It ensures BAPI interface stability.

It manages BAPIs in release updates.

It creates instances of SAP business objects.


What is the Returning parameter in BAPI?

The return parameter RETURN contains success or error messages for the BAPI, and depending on the SAP R/3 Release has the dictionary structure BAPIRETURN, BAPIRETURN1, BAPIRET1, BAPIRET2.




1. What are the basic components of SAP R/3 Business Framework ?
  • Business Components
    SAP Business Components provide autonomous business functions
    and consist of business objects. For example, the business objects Employee and Applicant are assigned to the Business Component Human Resources. Business processes are either implemented within a Business Component or across several Components (distributed business processes).
  • Business Objects
    The object-oriented structure of the R/3 System is based on Business Objects. They encapsulate business data and functionality and define the functional scope and boundaries of a Business Component.
  • Business Application Programming Interfaces (BAPI)
    BAPIs are interfaces for Business Objects. Together with the Business Objects, BAPIs define and document the interface standard at the business level.
  • Integration Service, Application Link Enabling (ALE)
    The ALE Integration Service enables the integration of business processes that are carried out in different R/3 and non-SAP systems. This service is based on the system-wide distribution of Business Objects using the ALE distribution model.
  • Communication Services
    These are the communication technologies, for example, Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) and Remote Function Call (RFC) that use the Business Framework to access BAPIs.
2. What is SAP Business Objects ?
  • A business object type, which represents of a business entity in the SAP R/3 System, encompasses both the functionality (in the form of methods) and the data (in the form of attributes) of this entity. The implementation details of the business object type are hidden from the user. The business object type is accessed through defined functions (methods). This is referred to as encapsulation.
  • Business object types form the point of entry to the data and the functionality of the SAP R/3 System. At the business object type level, both non-SAP systems and the various SAP business components can communicate with each other.
  • The business object type Sales Order represents a customer’s request to the company to supply a particular quantity of material at a certain point in time or to perform services at a certain point in time. A specific sales order is identified by a sales document number. The business object type contains all the necessary information for a sales order: sold-to party, sales organization, document date, net value of the order, and currency of the sales and distribution document.
3. What is BAPI ?
BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP Business Object Types. These object types are used within the Business Framework to enable object-based communication between components. Business objects and their BAPIs enable object orientation to be used in central information processing in companies.


4. What need to be taken care while handling database transaction in BAPI ?
  • A transaction is completed either using a COMMIT WORK command or a ROLLBACK command. A BAPI transaction must be ended by calling the BAPIs BapiService.TransactionCommit() or BapiService.TransactionRollback().
  • The call of a BAPI must not trigger further LUWs that are independent of the BAPI. For this reason BAPIs must not contain the following commands:
    CALL TRANSACTION
    SUBMIT REPORT
    SUBMIT REPORT AND RETURN
5. What is BOR (Business Object Repository) ?
  • The Business Object Repository (BOR) is the central access point for the SAP business object types and their BAPIs. The BOR contains all the relevant information on the SAP business object types, their key fields, and their BAPI methods that are needed to integrate the correct object type definitions and BAPI calls in an application program. This makes the integration of middleware (such as the DCOM Connector, ActiveX Controls, CORBA Gateway, and so on) possible.
  • Creates instances of SAP business objects. The runtime environment of the BOR receives requests to create runtime objects from client applications and creates the appropriate object instances.
6. What is the difference between RFC and BAPI? 
  • BAPI :
    • BAPI is a library of function modules released by SAP to the public so that they can interface with SAP.
    • There is a Business Object Associated with a BAPI. So a BAPI has an Interface, Key Field, Attributes, Methods, and Events.
    • Outside world (JAVA, VB, .Net or any Non SAP system) can connect to SAP using a BAPI.
    • Error or Success messages are returned in a RETURN table.
  • RFC 
    • RFC is nothing but a remote enabled function module. So if there is a Function Module in SAP system 1 on server X , it can be called from a SAP system 2 residing on server Y.
    • No Business Object is associated with a RFC.
    • Non–SAP world cannot connect to SAP using RFC.
    • RFC does not have a return table.
7. What is the difference between BDC and BAPI?
  • BAPI
    • BAPI is faster than BDC.
    • BAPI directly updates database.
    • BAPI would generally used for small data uploads.
    • For processing errors, the Return Parameters for BAPI should be used.This parameter returns exception messages or success messages to the calling program.
  • BDC
    • BDC goes through all the screens as a normal user would do and hence it is slower.
    • Background and Foreground processing options are available for BDC.
    • BDCs would be preferred for large volumes of data upload since background processing option is available.
    • Errors can be processed in SM35 for session method and in the batch input program for Call Transaction method.
8. What are the steps for creating a BAPI ?
  • Stage1: Creating a structure in SE11
  • Stage2: Creating the function module in SE37
  • Stage 3: Creating the business object in SWO1
  • Stage 4: Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer



RFC Vs BAPI

BAPI are RFC enabled function modules. the difference between RFc and BAPI are business objects. You create business objects and those are then registered in your BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using some other applications (Non-SAP) such as VB or JAVA. 


In this case you only specify the business object and its method from external system in BAPI there is no direct system call. while RFC are direct system call Some BAPIs provide basic functions and can be used for most SAP business object types. These BAPIs should be implemented the same for all business object types. Standardized BAPIs are easier to use and prevent users having to deal with a number of different BAPIs. Whenever possible, a standardized BAPI must be used in preference to an individual BAPI.  It is not  possible to connect SAP to Non-SAP systems to retrieve data using RFC alone. RFC can acces the SAP from outside only through BAPI and same is for vice versa access.  
  
RFC is the protocol used by SAP for remote communication, that is, for communications between remote (independent) systems. RFC is used for communications between two independent SAP systems, or for communications between an SAP system and a non-SAP system, such as an external application. It can also be used for communications between modules on the same system. Using the RFC interfaces you can extend the functionality of R/3 applications from an external program.





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